Understand the Disability Programs

There are two main federal disability programs administered by the Social Security Administration (SSA):

• SSDI (Social Security Disability Insurance): For individuals who have worked and paid Social Security taxes long enough to earn “work credits.”
• SSI (Supplemental Security Income): For individuals with limited income and resources, regardless of work history.

In Washington, you can apply for either or both, depending on your situation.

Meet the Basic Eligibility Requirements

To be eligible, your condition must:

• Prevent you from working (engaging in Substantial Gainful Activity)
• Last or be expected to last at least 12 months or result in death
• Be supported by objective medical evidence

The SSA maintains a Listing of Impairments that outlines conditions considered severe enough to qualify.

Gather All Necessary Documents

You’ll need detailed information, including:

• Your Social Security number
• Names, addresses, and phone numbers of doctors and hospitals
• Dates of diagnoses, treatments, tests, and procedures
• Work history for the past 15 years
• Any medications you're taking and their side effects
• Financial information if applying for SSI

Submit Your Application

In Washington, you can apply:

• Online at www.ssa.gov
• By phone at 1-800-772-1213
• In person at your local Social Security office

When applying, make sure to:

• Be thorough and accurate—incomplete or inconsistent applications often lead to delays or denials
• Include all requested documentation
• Keep copies of everything you submit

Respond to Follow-Up Requests

After you apply, the SSA may:

• Ask you to attend a Consultative Exam (CE) with a doctor
• Request additional medical records or work history
• Send questionnaires about your daily activities or mental health

Make sure to respond quickly and completely to avoid delays.

Track Your Application Status

You can:

• Create an SSA online account to track your case
• Call the SSA or visit your local office to get updates

Most initial decisions are made within 3 to 6 months, but it can take longer depending on your case and the volume of claims.

Prepare for a Possible Denial

If your initial claim is denied (which is common), you have the right to:

• File an appeal within 60 days
• Request reconsideration, and if needed, a hearing before an Administrative Law Judge (ALJ)



Washington residents typically attend hearings through the Office of Hearings Operations (OHO), either in person or by video.