Basic Eligibility Requirements for SSDI

1. Work History and Social Security Contributions

To be eligible for SSDI, you must have:

• Worked in jobs covered by Social Security
• Paid Social Security taxes (FICA)
• Earned a sufficient number of “work credits”—you typically need 40 credits, 20 of which were earned in the last 10 years

You earn up to 4 credits per year. Younger applicants may qualify with fewer credits.

2. Qualifying Disability

The SSA uses a strict definition of disability. Your condition must:

• Prevent you from performing substantial gainful activity (SGA)
• Be expected to last at least 12 months or result in death
• Be listed in the SSA’s Blue Book or considered equivalent in severity

The SSA evaluates physical, mental, and cognitive conditions—ranging from cancer and heart disease to PTSD and chronic depression.

Washington-Specific Considerations

While SSDI is federally administered, your Disability Determination Services (DDS) office in Washington handles your medical review. The SSA will send your case to DDS, which:

• Reviews your medical evidence
• May request more documentation or a consultative exam
• Issues a decision based on federal standards

Washington also offers state assistance for those who are disabled but don’t yet qualify for federal benefits, including the Aged, Blind, or Disabled (ABD) cash assistance program.

How to Strengthen Your SSDI Application

To improve your chances of qualifying:

• Submit comprehensive medical records from your primary care provider and specialists
• Include detailed descriptions of your symptoms and limitations
• Obtain a medical opinion from your doctor describing how your condition affects your ability to work
• List all treatments, medications, and hospitalizations
• Be consistent and honest throughout your application